Did You Know That Before 1973 It Was Illegal in the Us Snopes

The claim: In 1971, women could non do these ix things.

It wasn't that long ago a woman couldn't get a credit card in her own name, or serve on a jury, or get an Ivy League didactics.

In fact, a viral Facebook mail lists nine things a woman could non practise in the The states in 1971. The post, made by Julia Siergiey Juraez, who said she copied and pasted it from someone else, has been shared more than 105,000 times.

Hither is the list of "nine things a woman couldn't do in 1971" in the post:

1. Become a credit card in her ain name.
2. Exist guaranteed that they would non get fired for getting pregnant.
3. Serve on a jury.
4. Fight on the front end lines.
5. Get an Ivy League education.
6. Take legal activity confronting workplace sexual harassment.
7. Decide not to have sex with their husband.
8. Obtain wellness insurance at the same monetary rate equally a man.
9. Take the birth control pill

Let'south take this step past step, verifying each of the nine points and keeping in mind that the list says "a woman," not "all women."

Fact check: In 1952, Charlotta Bass was the first Black adult female to run for vice president

Get a credit card in their ain proper noun

Banks could turn down women a credit card until the Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1974 was signed into law. Prior to that, a bank could turn down to event a credit card to an unmarried woman, and if a woman was married, her husband was required to cosign.

Many banks required single, divorced or widowed women to bring a man with them to cosign for a credit carte du jour, according to CNN, and some discounted the wages of women by equally much as 50% when calculating their credit carte du jour limits, according to an commodity from Smithsonian Magazine.

This claim is true.

Be guaranteed that they would non get fired for getting significant

Women didn't get this protection until 1978.

The Pregnancy Discrimination Deed of 1978 prohibited sexual bigotry on the basis of pregnancy, co-ordinate to the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission'southward website. It stated that women who are pregnant or have been affected by pregnancy or childbirth must be treated the same for all employment-related purposes.

An employer cannot turn down to hire a adult female considering of her pregnancy as long as she is able to perform the major functions of the job, according to the EEOC.

Before that law passed, however, there were numerous Supreme Courtroom cases that dealt with employment discrimination against pregnant women, according to an article from jurist.org. The enactment of the police was in response to two Supreme Court cases.

This claim is truthful.

Serve on a jury

The post states that women were kept out of some jury pools because they were considered the center of the home and were "likewise delicate to hear the grisly details of crimes and likewise sympathetic by nature to exist able to remain objective most those defendant of offenses." Information technology says that this varied past state, every bit Utah constitute women were fit for jury duty in 1879.

The Civil Rights Act of 1957 gave women the right to serve on federal juries, however it was non until 1973 that all 50 states passed like legislation, according to an commodity from Associated Printing. Information technology was not until the U.South. Supreme Courtroom's determination in Taylor five. Louisiana when the Court held that states must treat men and women in the aforementioned way in respect to jury service in 1975, according to an article from Humanities and Social Sciences Online.

Utah became the first state to deem women qualified for jury duty in 1898, co-ordinate to the ACLU and Cornell Constabulary Schoolhouse, not 1879. The post also misstated that women could serve on juries in all 50 states in 1973, when the date was actually 1975.

This claim is partly false.

Fight on the front lines

Women were admitted into military machine academies in 1976, but information technology was not until 2013 that the armed forces ban on women in combat was lifted, according to the post. It as well states that earlier 1973, women were only allowed in the military as nurses or back up staff.

Service academies did showtime acknowledge women in 1976, according to The Women'southward Memorial.

On Jan. 24, 2013, the Pentagon rescinded the rule that restricted women from serving in combat units, according to a Congressional Research Service written report. On December. 3, 2015, Secretarial assistant of Defense Ashton Carter ordered that the military open up all combat jobs to women with no exceptions, according to the report.

Conscription, which was mandatory enlistment for state services, ended in 1973 and with that women's participation in the armed services increased, according to a research article titled "Women and War: What Physicians Should Know."

While women have participated in U.S. wars since the American Revolution, serving equally nurses or other staff, it was non until 2013 when women were immune to serve on the front lines.

This claim is truthful.

Become an Ivy League education

The post states that Yale and Princeton did non accept female person students until 1969, and Harvard in 1977, when information technology merged with the all-female Radcliffe College. Dark-brown, Dartmouth and Columbia did not offering admission to women until 1971, 1972 and 1981 respectively, it states. In some specific instances women were allowed to take sure classes at Ivy League institutions, the post states.

"A handful of female graduate students were permitted to earn advanced degrees starting in 1962," according to "A Cursory History of Women at Princeton" on the Princeton Alumni Association website. Princeton began coeducation starting in the fall of 1969, co-ordinate to Princeton Alumni Weekly.

For some Ivy League colleges, women were accepted beforehand in specific circumstances or in a separate female college. At Harvard, for instance, women were taking classes in the early 1900s, according to the Harvard Gazette. However, Harvard merged with Radcliffe College officially in 1999, and in 1975 the ii colleges merged their admissions.

In 1977, Harvard started "sex-bullheaded admissions," according to the Harvard Gazette.

Women began attention Brown University's female person higher in 1891, only it was not until 1971 that Chocolate-brown became coeducational, co-ordinate to Dark-brown University's website. Dartmouth began admitting women in the fall of 1972. For Columbia, the decision was made in 1981 to brand classes coeducational for the autumn of 1983, according to Columbia's website.

This claim is partly false. Some Ivies were open to women before 1971

Take legal action against workplace sexual harassment

The postal service states that the beginning time a court recognized that office sexual harassment as grounds for whatever legal action was in 1977.

A 1974 case called Barnes v. Train is commonly thought of equally the beginning sexual harassment case. It was non until 1977 when the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals plant that the woman, Paulette Barnes, had been mistreated and that a supervisor had sexually harassed her, according to an commodity from Wenzelfenton.com.

The Ceremonious Rights Act of 1964 created the basis for discrimination cases in its Commodity VII and established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Merely information technology wasn't until 1980 that the EEOC determined that sexual harassment was a form of sex bigotry.

This claim is true.

Decide not to accept sexual practice if their hubby wanted to

Spousal rape was not criminalized in all 50 states until 1993, the mail states.

This is accurate.

In 1979, "a pair of cases highlighted changing legal attitudes about the concept," according to Time. In 1986, the Federal Sexual Abuse Deed criminalized marital rape on all Federal lands, simply it was not until July 5, 1993, when marital rape became a law-breaking in the sexual criminal offence codes in all 50 states, according to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service.

By 1996, 16 states had repealed all of their exemptions to marital rape, and 33 states had partially repealed exemptions.

Obtain health insurance at the aforementioned monetary charge per unit as a man

Sex discrimination was not outlawed in health insurance until 2010, according to the postal service. Information technology as well says that many people, including sitting elected officials at the federal level, feel that "women do not mind paying a little more than."

Women were routinely charged more than for health insurance coverage than men, and it was not until the passage of the Affordable Care Act that it started to alter, according to the American Bar Clan.

Women still often pay more than in health insurance than men. For health insurance companies, women are considered loftier risk because they tend to visit the doc more frequently, live longer and have babies, according to healthline.com.

This claim is truthful.

Take the birth control pill

While the birth control pill was approved by the Federal Drug Administration for "severe menstrual distress" in 1957, it took years before information technology was approved for family planning.

"Problems like reproductive freedom and a woman's correct to decide when and whether to take children were but merely offset to be openly discussed in the 1960s," the post said.

In 1960, the pill was approved for apply as a contraceptive. However, it was illegal in some states and could only be prescribed to married women for purposes of family planning, the original postal service states. Information technology says that not all pharmacies stocked the pill, and some who opposed nascence control said, "oral contraceptives were immoral, promoted prostitution and were tantamount to abortion." Information technology states that birth command was not approved for use by all women until several years subsequently. A CNN list on "5 Things Women Couldn't Exercise in the 1960s" states the same.

PBS as well confirms those dates, and says five years afterward the Nutrient and Drug Administration approved the pill for contraceptive use, 6.5 meg American women were on the pill.

Though it was not until 1972 that the pill was available to unmarried women, according to Time.

This claim is partly false, because nativity control was available to some women in 1960.

Our rating: Partly faux

The post presents claims that include a lot of truth merely as well some inaccuracies. Women could non get a credit card in their own proper name and serve on the front end lines in 1971. They could get fired for getting significant, they could non have legal action against workplace sexual harassment, they paid more in health insurance and they were unable to take their husbands to court for rape. But the postal service is non accurate on women and juries, an Ivy League educational activity or contraception.

Our fact-bank check sources:

• CNN, Aug. 25, 2014, 5 things women couldn't do in the 1960s
• Smithsonian Magazine, Jan. 8, 2014, Xl Years Ago, Women Had a Hard Time Getting Credit Cards
• U.Due south. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978
• Jurist, Dec. 20, 2014, History of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act
• Humanities and Social Sciences, November. 2013, Shoehorning American women onto American juries
• Associated Press, Nov. 16, 2018, History made when women were allowed to serve on jury
• Cornell Law School,Billy J. TAYLOR, Appellant, five. Country of LOUISIANA.
• The Women's Memorial, Women Enter the Military Academies
• Congressional Research Service, Dec. 13. 2016, Women in Combat: Issues for Congress
• U.s.a. National Library of Medicine, Women and State of war What Physicians Should Know
• Princeton Alumni Weekly, Oct. 5, 2016, When Women Came to Princeton
• Princeton Alumni Association, A Brief History of Women at Princeton
• Harvard Gazette, April 26, 2012, Hard-earned gains for women at Harvard
• Chocolate-brown University, A Brief History of Women at Brown University
• Columbia College Today, July/August 2009, 25 years of Coeducation
• WenzelFentonCabassa, Jan. 1, 2018, A History of Sexual Harassment Laws in the U.s.a.
• History of Sexual Harassment Police force
• National Criminal Justice Reference Service, July 2003, Martial Rape: History, Research, and Practise
• American Bar Association, July one, 2010, What Health Reform Ways for Women
• Healthline, June 25, 2016, Should Women Pay More for Healthcare Services?
• PBS, May 7, 2010, A cursory history of the nascence control pill
• Children and Youth in History, Age of Consent Laws

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Source: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/10/28/fact-check-9-things-women-couldnt-do-1971-mostly-right/3677101001/